heinemann



, T. W. HEINEMANN.

PROCESS 01-" AND APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING WOOD.

N0. 95,474. Patented OG'B. 5, 1869.

2 Z) I I n I a T IQ) I \J 1 "\Hnum I l 1 2 A L j *iA4 I Zfleawar ii ill 7 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

'r. W. HEINEMANN, or new YORK, N. Y

IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPA ATus 'Foa P-REQSERVING woon Specification forming part'of Letters Patent No. 95,474, dated Qctobcre, 1869.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, T-. \V. HE1NEMANN,'ot New York city, of New Yorkconnty, in the State of. New York, have invented .a certain new and useful Improved Process and Apparatus for Preserving Wood; and I do hereby declare that the following is a. full and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making part of thisapplication, My invention relates to a new method of treating wood and other porous (vegetable) material so as to effect its preservation.

Previous to my invention several methods or processes of treatment have been practiced, to preserve wood, in which processes the sap has been first extracted, and thepores of the wood then filled-with liquid rosin, and Letters Patent have been. granted to me in which I such processes are described;.but inthc treatmeat of wood heretofore practiced there has always been more or less liability of the fibers of thewood bein ginj ured by becoming'charred of the impregnating material being charred or overheated, and of the' wood and rosin beingonly partially heated in some portions of the charge, while overheated in others;

To overcome all these seriousdifliculties and" provide a process (and, apparatus for-conduct iug it) by which the wood may" be thoroughly and unitorml P (throughout theentire charge) impregnated q as'foefl'eet its complete preservation, and by' which these objects may be expeditiously and economically attained, is the .main object of, my'present invention, which consists in subjecting the charge of wood, in

a. close vessel, to the action of an air-pump, by-which a vacuum is created and the con tained sap all extracted, then snbjectingit tothe action of radiated heat and injected steam,

(of high temperature,) to thoroughly'warm the. woodand open all its pores, aud'w-hile in this condition (the steam and air being just ex:-

haustedisubjeetin'g the'wood to the action. of. the rosin or other impregnating material in a highly-heated condition; and my'invention further-consists in a novelarrangem'ent of tanks and'other appliances, as'hereinafter' fully explained, to carry on the said process or method of treatment efl'ectually and with great expedition and economy;

To enable those skilled in the arti0 understand my invention, I will proceed to describe panying'drawings, in whichner' well known to construeters of such app-aratus.

,The tanks B B maybe formed with "steamdomes D, and each of them is connected by a pipe, e, with the boiler A, as is also-each of "the steam-jacketsG by a pipe, f.v The two tanks are connected through medium of a tube, 1), provided with coeknt o, by means of may be opened and; closed at pleasure, and the said pipe b is surrounded bya larger pipe,

with steam at pleasurebypi-pesigr From eac'bjof the domes-D extends a pipe, h, which connects with the air p ump I, The

'able eoeksto be opened and'clOsed by theoporator in'working the apparatus and process,

chambers and jackets are'providedzwith suitable cocksfm steam.

therntometers, and the hoileriwith-tsafetysuitable.

just describ'ed apparatus may be. thus explained One of the tanks-B, for instance-'- having been eharged"with timbenandi the it more fully, referring by letters to the aecom Figure 1 is a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a

and curved bearing railslor tracks in a man-- which the communication between said tanks -K, '(forming a jacket to b,) which is supplied .pip 'es h', e, f, and pars all supplied with suitas hereinafter explained, and the several steam t n, 860., for the exit'of condensed The tanks, vj a clujats,'an'd boilers should'be supplied with the usual pre'ssurega'g'esf and valve, and the tanks' may-be providedjwitli ilwa'ys and t-rucks'for theeonven ient putting in and withdrawal of the woods, 'Themethod or process performedwith the other, B ,-withros1'n or some other suitable 'im- 1 pregnating material, steam isletdnto the jacketief.(-by turning eockAin f) to. melttbe' rosin, andth'e vacuum-pump is, set going at- -I, and while the resin is beingmelted in 'B the air is exhausted from B, inducing the sap I (mounted on the railway in the'tank B and to flow copiously from the wood, When the sap has been exhausted and drawn off (at m) the action of the vacuum-pump is suspended j j and steam is let into B (through pipe 0) and then into the jacket of B, (through f) whereby the timber,'with its sap extracted, is'warmed thoroughly and its'pores penetrated by the hot steam. Thesupply of steau'riscut oiffro'm- B and the vacuum-pump again put to 'work to, exhaust the said chamber, .while the steam is maintained and at an increasing temperature in the jacket of B. When the tank B has been as nearly as possible exhausted, and the tem:

perature'of'steam ill the jacket surrounding B' has reached about 320 Fahrenheit, and the rosin. in B, which has during this time beennielted, has got to about 295 Fahrenheit, the stop-cock at o is opened and the liquid rosinallowed to flow into 3 onto the timber (the. vacuum-pump may be kept working during this operation) and a limited supply of steam is allowed to pass into the dome of B -to supply the place of and finally force the flow of the resin, which should be made'to. till the timbertank B nearly up to the dome. The cock 0 is now closed, and steam of about seventy-live pounds pressure is allowed to flow into the dome of tank B, while heat is maintained in B l and its jacket fora shorter or longer time,

(according to the length and. thickness of the blocks of wood,) until'tbe timber shall have been completely and thoroughly saturated. While this impregnating of the mate- 4 rial in B is-progressing, the tank B. is allowed; to cool oh, (the steam having been cut ofl'from its acket and its door opened,)"and' is charged with timber readyto be operated upon, as just explained of the chargein B. 'When B is charged, however, a supply of frosin (cold) about equal to the amount absorbed by the when the liquid rosin in B is let intoiB, will be made up. After the wood in Bh'as become saturated and the sap has'been extracted .from' wood in Bfland said wood has been treated as before described 01" the woodin B, the cock.

at .0 is opened and the-liqnid rosin in Bforced into BF, where it unites with'therosin infiB,

does not impede the operation of exhausting the sap, and so soon as the warming of the,

wood is com enced the rosin melts, runs down to a liquid eve'l below the mass of wood,

(M dv f h pores t r ec' alikeycannbtib of these thing V A to be nndersto'od as claiming in the apparatus the idea of asnrrounding steam jacket 'to heat wood. in His put in,sotba't' the deficiency,-

"hand and sealthis 21st day of July, 1869.-

does not in terfere' with the heating of the wood.

As the impregnated material is removed from t sudden change of temperature and rapid cooling'is apt to induce a checkingaudcracking of the timber. 1 v f j 1 It will-beseen-that by m new processand apparatus the-wood is most. thorongly and rapidlyprepared by aecomplete' exhaustio" of pregnating' material, and thatfgthe atter is forced'im-sQ-a's-to completely than as and-fill in the' pores 'oftgth'e timber; an

stood th'at -while'I .this-prhcess dly and successfully carried oii iihe' mate stand wood,

though thprougbl eated anddifeatedall oven it etfrdofi :lmqi'igd: by overheating. i

I am aware to effect theeiihn'ns hasheen steamed; asani'm'preg in fo'ize wish to}:

'fhat -theairj pdmp has been used idmof sap; also, that wood it! that rosin-has been used material." Ijdonot-there,

sepaiately; neither do Lwish a chamber or tank; .but,.

Having fully explained thy-improved pro cessan'd apparatus for carrying on the same, what I, claim as new in the process 1s---' 1. E xhaustiugthe-sapfromthe wood within .a suitable tank, and then warming'the-wood and opening the pores by the application bt steam and stem heat, substantially as de-.

scribed.

2. Exhaustin th'el 'steam (-while'the heat is .imaintained) an .snpplying'the melted rosin from an anxiliary chamberf to the sap-ex} hausted and heated wood, substantially asdee scribed, Q

,3. The employment, intheapparatus, in con; nection with a suitable steam-supplyer, of a series of jacketed tanks or chambers so' conuecte'd andprovided with the means for exhansting each that the sap-exhausting, wood heating,rosin-melting, and the saturating operations may be successfully carriedon in the manner snbstantiallyas hereinbeforeex; plained.

v "In testimony whereofl have hereunto set my Tia-E0; 'w. HEINEMANN. -[,L..s.] In presence of i f 0114s. A. Scorn, a

Faanamo A. Tuna.

liiierstoodinas claimingauy 

